Accounting Treatment of Disposals of Subsidiary and Associates
Disposals of group companies or associates has been relatively less tested area in exams, despite the fact that the treatment and quite critical and requires thorough understanding and practice. In present economic scenario group disposals have been common for cost cutting purposes. Given the emerging importance, this area may be tested in professional exams.
Treatment for disposals of subsidiary varies on account of whether control or significant influence is retained or lost. Following treatments are applicable depending on type of disposal;
- Sale of shares in subsidiary such that control is retained————–No gain or loss on disposal required
- Full sale of shares in associate or subsidiary—————————Gain or loss calculation needed
- Sale of subsidiary such that associate is formed———————– Gain or loss calculation needed
Sale of shares in subsidiary such that control retained
Rules for consolidation
No gain or loss on disposal is computed
No adjustment required to the goodwill
Difference of net proceeds received to changes in Non Controlling Interest (NCI) is debited / credited to shareholder’s equity.
Consolidate subsidiary results as before disposal
NCI calculation with reference to year end shareholding and on pro rata basis.
Entry: Dr. Proceeds xxx
Cr. NCI xxx
Cr. Equity xxx
Example:
E Plc
acquired 90% holding of B Plc when it had retained earnings of $250,000. 10% of holding was disposed off on 31 August 2008 for $ 70,000. Year end and acquisition date 31 Dec. Profit for the year of disposal $ 36,000, retained earnings $304,000 and share capital was $100,000. Calculate debit / credit adjustment required to equity?
Solution:
Changes in NCI share needs to be calculated and accounted for, therefore;
Net Assets at closing date comprise;
Share Capital ———————————-$ 100,000
Retained Earnings —————————-$ 304,000
Profit on disposal——————————$ 24,000 (36,000*8/12)
Total———————————————$ 428,000
Changes in NCI;
NCI before disposal——————————–428,000*10%= 42,800
NCI after disposal———————————-428,000*20%=85,600
Changes in NCI————————————$ 42,800
Entry:
Dr. Proceeds —————————————-$ 70,000 (mentioned in question)
Cr. NCI———————————————-$ 42,800 (as above)
Cr. Shareholder’s equity—————————$ 27,200 (balancing figure)
2. Full sale of shares in associate or subsidiary
Profit or loss on disposal is calculated as;
Proceeds xxx
Plus: NCI up to disposal xxx
Less: Net Assets of subsidiary up to disposal date (xxx)
Goodwill (xxx)
Profit or loss xxx / (xxx)
Rules for consolidation
- If the disposal is mid of the year then NCI and Net Assets need to be calculated till the date of disposal.
- Dividends paid must be deducted in calculating Net Assets.
- Goodwill recognized prior disposal is original goodwill less any impairment to date.
Sale of subsidiary such that associate is formed
Profit or loss on disposal is calculated as;
Proceeds xxx
Plus: Fair Value of Interest retained xxx
Plus: NCI xxx
Less:
Net Assets of subsidiary up to disposal date (xxx)
Goodwill (xxx)
Profit or loss xxx / (xxx)
Rules for consolidation
Fair Value of interest retained is needed for calculation.
By using above calculation method two types of gain; realized gain and holding gain are accounted for.
Realized gain is gain of interest disposed of while holding gain is due to FV measurement of interest retained.
Subsidiary results are pro-rated.
Accounted for according to equity method subsequent disposal.